miércoles, 11 de noviembre de 2015
miércoles, 4 de noviembre de 2015
Low Back Pain/prevention and control"[Mesh]:
[Can we prevent pain becoming chronic?].
Duodecim. 2015;131(3):249-54
Authors: Hagelberg N, Haanpää M
Abstract
Central aspects in the prevention of pain from becoming chronic are good management of acute pain, early recognition of risk factors and a multidisciplinary working approach. Postherpetic neuralgia can probably be prevented with a vaccine and medication. In the prevention of prolonged postoperative pains there is some evidence of the effect of local anesthetics and ketamine, but their clinical significance is unclear. Multidisciplinary therapeutic and rehabilitative actions can be taken to prevent prolongation and recurrence of lower back pain especially in patients having an increased risk of chronic pain.
PMID: 26245075 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
]]>What triggers back pain?
Harv Mens Health Watch. 2015 May;19(10):8
Authors:
PMID: 26204610 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
]]>
Preventing lower back pain among caregivers.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2015 Jul;96(7):1365-6
Authors: Brown MR, Personeus K, Langan J
PMID: 26115746 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
]]>Spine Posture and Discomfort During Prolonged Simulated Driving With Self-Selected Lumbar Support Prominence.
Hum Factors. 2015 Sep;57(6):976-87
Authors: De Carvalho DE, Callaghan JP
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: We examined magnitude preference, subjective discomfort, and spine posture during prolonged simulated driving with a self-selected amount of lumbar support.
BACKGROUND: The general use of lumbar supports has been associated with decreased reports of low-back pain during driving exposures; however, minimal data exist regarding occupant magnitude preference.
METHOD: Participants chose between five discrete levels of lumbar support (0-4 cm). Time-varying postural and discomfort responses were then monitored throughout 2 hr of simulated driving.
RESULTS: There were no significant effects of gender or time on posture. Women preferred larger amounts of support than men (3.25 cm ± 0.71 and 2.56 cm ± 0.88, respectively, p = .048). All participants exhibited significant increases (p = .003) in pelvic discomfort throughout the 2-hr trial regardless of the level of support chosen. Discomfort related to various aspects of the lumbar support increased significantly over time. Retrospectively, no participants desired a setting beyond 4 cm, and the majority of respondents indicate had they been able to change their initial selection, they would choose a setting between 2 and 3 cm.
CONCLUSION: The results suggest that occupants would prefer increasing the excursion capability of automobile lumbar supports beyond 2 cm.
APPLICATION: Excursion capability and adjustability of automobile lumbar supports are important features to better meet end-user preference and to reducing lumbar flexion in sitting.
PMID: 25952903 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
]]>
Prevalence and risk factors of low back pain among undergraduate students of a sports and physical education institute in Tunisia.
Libyan J Med. 2015;10:26802
Authors: Triki M, Koubaa A, Masmoudi L, Fellmann N, Tabka Z
Abstract
Introduction : For obvious reasons, athletes are at greater risk of sustaining a lumber (lower) spine injury due to physical activity. To our knowledge, no previous studies have examined the prevalence of low back pain (LBP) in a Tunisian sports and physical education institute. Aim : To assess the prevalence of LBP in different sports among students studying in a sports and physical education institute in Tunisia, to determine the causes of the injuries, and to propose solutions. Methods : A total of 3,379 boys and 2,579 girls were studied. A retrospective cross-sectional survey was conducted on a group of students aged 18.5-24.5 years at the Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax to estimate the prevalence of LBP and its relation to the type of sports. Data on age, weight, height, smoking, and the sport in which the student was injured in the low back were collected from the institute health service records from 2005 until 2013. Results : LBP was reported by 879 of the 5,958 study participants (14.8%). The prevalence of LBP was significantly higher (p<0.001) in females (17.6%) than in males (12.5%). LBP prevalence did not differ by body mass index or smoking habit (p>0.05). The sports associated with the higher rates of LBP were gymnastics, judo, handball, and volleyball, followed by basketball and athletics. Conclusion : LBP is frequent among undergraduate students of a sports and physical education institute in Tunisia. It is strongly associated with fatigue after the long periods of training in different sports. Gymnastics, judo, handball, and volleyball were identified as high-risk sports for causing LBP.
PMID: 25758252 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
]]>
What triggers an episode of acute low back pain? A case-crossover study.
Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2015 Mar;67(3):403-10
Authors: Steffens D, Ferreira ML, Latimer J, Ferreira PH, Koes BW, Blyth F, Li Q, Maher CG
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate a range of transient risk factors for an episode of sudden-onset, acute low back pain (LBP).
METHODS: This case-crossover study recruited 999 subjects with a new episode of acute LBP between October 2011 and November 2012 from 300 primary care clinics in Sydney, Australia. Each participant was asked to report exposure to 12 putative triggers over the 96 hours preceding the onset of back pain. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) expressing the magnitude of increased risk with exposure to each trigger.
RESULTS: Exposure to a range of physical and psychosocial triggers significantly increased the risk of a new onset of LBP; ORs ranged from 2.7 (moderate or vigorous physical activity) to 25.0 (distracted during an activity or task). Age moderated the effect of exposure to heavy loads and sexual activity. The ORs for heavy loads for people ages 20, 40, or 60 years were 13.6, 6.0, and 2.7, respectively. The risk of developing back pain was greatest between 7:00 AM and noon.
CONCLUSION: Transient exposure to a number of modifiable physical and psychosocial triggers substantially increases risk for a new episode of LBP. Triggers previously evaluated in occupational injury studies, but never in LBP, have been shown to significantly increase risk. These results aid our understanding of the causes of LBP and can inform the development of new prevention approaches.
PMID: 25665074 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
]]>
Effects of Pilates exercise programs in people with chronic low back pain: a systematic review.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2015 Jan;94(4):e383
Authors: Patti A, Bianco A, Paoli A, Messina G, Montalto MA, Bellafiore M, Battaglia G, Iovane A, Palma A
Abstract
The Pilates method has recently become a fast-growing popular way of exercise recommended for healthy individuals and those engaged in rehabilitation. Several published studies have examined the effects of Pilates method in people with chronic low back pain (LBP). The objective of this study is to describe and provide an extensive overview of the scientific literature comparing the effectiveness of the Pilates method on pain and disability in patients with chronic nonspecific LBP. The study is based on the data from the following sources: MEDLINE-NLM, MEDLINE-EBSCO, Scopus Elsevier, Cochrane, DOAJ, SciELO, and PLOSONE. Original articles and systematic reviews of adults with chronic nonspecific LBP that evaluated pain and/or disability were included in this study; studies in which the primary treatment was based on Pilates method exercises compared with no treatment, minimal intervention, other types of intervention, or other types of exercises. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) were adopted. The literature search included 7 electronic databases and the reference list of relevant systematic reviews and original articles to July 2014. Two independent investigators conducted the literature search and performed the synthesis as follows: Study Design; Sample (n); Disability measure; Intervention; and Main results. The searches identified a total of 128 articles. From these, 29 were considered eligible and were included in the analysis. The items were stratified as follows: Pilates method versus other kind of exercises (n = 6 trials) and Pilates method versus no treatment group or minimal intervention for short-term pain (n = 9 trials); the therapeutic effect of the Pilates method in randomized cohorts (n = 5); and analysis of reviews (n = 9). We found that there is a dearth of studies that clearly demonstrates the efficacy of a specific Pilates exercise program over another in the treatment of chronic pain. However, the consensus in the field suggests that Pilates method is more effective than minimal physical exercise intervention in reducing pain. These conclusions need to be supported by other proper investigations.
PMID: 25634166 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
]]>1. Avoiding back injury.
Pract Midwife. 2014 Dec;17(11):10, 12-4
Authors: Randall S
Abstract
This article looks at healthcare professionals, in particular midwives, and considers how to maintain back health and prevent injury through principles of good practice. Knowledge of back pain, mindfulness in working conditions and modifications of current practice will reduce the risk of repetitive injury, and present management options in the short- and long term. Considerations on improving the 'working lifestyle' rather than quick fixes are ultimately the long-term goal.
PMID: 25597130 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
]]> A pioneering patient lift: prevention of low back pain in health care workers in the 18th century.
Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2015 Jan 15;40(2):126-7
Authors: Manzini F, Cesana G, Manzini C, Riva MA
PMID: 25575088 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
]]>[Health surveillance and suitability: the role of the company physician in maintaining work ability].
G Ital Med Lav Ergon. 2014 Oct-Dec;36(4):267-71
Authors: Bonfiglioli R, Di Lello M, Violante FS
Abstract
The ageing workforce is one of the major issues in Europe. Ageing has an important effect on work ability, especially in manual jobs where physical demand is high. Musculoskeletal disorders are the most common health problems among European workers and are able to affect work ability. In order to increase the employment rate of people aged 45-65, measures to sustain work ability and proper age management should be promoted: return to work strategies include adjustment of the job to the worker's health conditions and abilities. The contribution of health surveillance.programs in the management of workers affected by musculoskeletal disorders is discussed.
PMID: 25558720 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
]]>
Does a healthy lifestyle behaviour influence the prognosis of low back pain among men and women in a general population? A population-based cohort study.
BMJ Open. 2014;4(12):e005713
Authors: Bohman T, Alfredsson L, Jensen I, Hallqvist J, Vingård E, Skillgate E
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To study the influence of healthy lifestyle behaviour on the prognosis of occasional low back pain among men and women in a general population.
DESIGN: Cohort study with a 4-year follow-up.
SETTINGS: General population in Stockholm County, Sweden.
PARTICIPANTS: The study sample comprised 3938 men and 5056 women aged 18-84 from the Stockholm Public Health Cohort reporting occasional low back pain in the baseline questionnaire 2006.
MEASURES: Lifestyle factors and potential confounders were assessed at baseline. The lifestyle factors smoking habits, alcohol consumption, leisure physical activity and consumption of fruit and vegetables were dichotomised using recommendations for a health-enhancing lifestyle and combined to form the exposure variable 'healthy lifestyle behaviour'. The exposure was categorised into five levels according to the number of healthy lifestyle factors met. The follow-up questionnaire in 2010 gave information about the outcome, long duration troublesome low back pain. Crude and adjusted binomial regression models were applied to estimate the association between the exposure and the outcome analysing men and women separately.
RESULTS: The risk of developing long duration troublesome low back pain among women with occasional low back pain decreased with increasing healthy lifestyle behaviour (trend test: p=0.006). 21% (28/131) among women with no healthy lifestyle factor (reference) experienced the outcome compared to 9% (36/420) among women with all four factors. Compared to the reference group, the risk was reduced by 35% (RR 0.65, 95% CI 0.44 to 0.96) for women with one healthy lifestyle factor and 52% (RR 0.48, 95% CI 0.31 to 0.77) for women with all four healthy lifestyle factors. There were no clear associations found among men.
CONCLUSIONS: Healthy lifestyle behaviour seems to decrease the risk of developing long duration troublesome low back pain among women with occasional low back pain and may be recommended to improve the prognosis.
PMID: 25550292 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
]]>[Surgery for degenerative spondylolisthesis of the lumbar spine using intra-articular fusion. A prospective study].
Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cech. 2014;81(5):323-7
Authors: Hrabálek L, Wanek T, Adamus M, Cecháková E, Buřval S, Langová K, Vaverka M
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: The aim of the study is to present our surgical method of treating degenerative spondylolisthesis, which includes radical bilateral laminectomy to relieve compression on the spinal cord, transpedicular fixation of the segment and arthrodesis by bilateral intra-articular fusion.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: This surgery was indicated in patients with grade I or grade II of degenerative sponylolisthesis with a 4-mm or more slippage. Our prospectively studied group consisted of 46 patients (17 men, 29 women; average age, 64.2 years; range, 39-84 years). Before surgery and at 1 year after the procedure, the intensity of axial pain and that of radicular pain were each assessed using the visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Difficulty in performing daily living activities was measured by the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). The surgical procedure included laminectomy, partial medial facetectomy, foraminotomy to relieve pressure on the spinal nerve roots and transpedicular fixation to provide stability. Using a cutter, cartilage was separated off the cortical bone and, in order to facilitate fusion, bone cavities thus produced were filed with corticospongious grafts harvested from the removed vertebral arch with Kerrison forceps. At 1-year follow-up, dynamic X-ray was used to evaluate spine alignment and, on a CT scan, the degree of intra-articular fusion was assessed. Fusion was achieved when bone density measurement showed more than 350 Hounsfield Units (HU). For the measurements, the authors used their own modified method by means of a Region of Interest (ROI) analysis. The clinical and radiographic results were statistically evaluated.
RESULTS: At 1 year after surgery, lumbar flexion-extension bending X-ray films revealed stability of the treated segments in all patients (100%). CT examination showed bone density higher than 350 HU at both joints, i.e., complete bone fusion, also in all 46 patients. The mean post-operative ODI score was significantly lower than its mean pre-operative value (23.6 vs 55.4), which was improvement by 57.4%. The differences in pre- and post-operative VAS scores were also statistically significant. The mean VAS score for low back pain decreased from 7.61 to 1.74, i.e., improvement by 77.1%, and the mean vAS score for radicular pain dropped from 6.98 to 1.24, i.e., improvement by 82.2%. Assessed by Odom's outcome criteria, the results were excellent in 26 patients and very good in 20 patients, and they were not related to age, gender or the spinal level treated. Any complications associated with the operative procedure or wound healing and requiring repeated surgical treatment were not recorded.
DISCUSSION: The surgical technique described here has advantages over other methods in reliable achieving nerve decompression, joint fusion and spinal stability at low costs and short operative time. In addition, it avoids the necessity of harvesting bone from the iliac crest.
CONCLUSIONS: At 1-year follow-up all patients showed better health conditions, with improvement in average scores for the ODI by 57%, for low back pain by 77% and for radicular and claudication pain by 82%. The technique of intra-articular fusion for treatment of degenerative spondylolisthesis resulted in solid bone fusion and spinal stability in all patients.
PMID: 25514340 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
]]>
Daily exercises and education for preventing low back pain in children: cluster randomized controlled trial.
Phys Ther. 2015 Apr;95(4):507-16
Authors: Hill JJ, Keating JL
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Children report low back pain (LBP) as young as 8 years. Preventing LBP in children may prevent or delay adult incidence.
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine whether education and daily exercise affect LBP episodes in children compared with education alone.
DESIGN: This was a prospective, multicenter cluster randomized controlled trial.
SETTING: The study was conducted at 7 New Zealand primary schools.
PARTICIPANTS: Children (n=708), aged 8 to 11 years, from 7 schools stratified by sample size (36, 114, 151, 168, 113, 45, 83) were randomized and allocated to 2 masked groups: intervention (4 schools, n=469) or control (3 schools, n=239).
INTERVENTIONS: Participants in the intervention group were taught 4 spinal movements for daily practice. Both groups participated in education that emphasized "back awareness."
MEASUREMENTS: Low back pain history at baseline was assessed. Children reported episodes of LBP during the previous week on trial days 7, 21, 49, 105, 161, and 270. Analysis was at the individual participant level, with adjustment for school clusters.
RESULTS: There were no significant differences between groups in the odds of reporting no LBP in the previous week during the study period (odds ratio [OR]=0.72; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]=0.46, 1.14; P=.16). The intervention group reported significantly fewer episodes of LBP (OR=0.54; 95% CI=0.39, 0.74; P<.001) and significantly fewer lifetime first episodes of LBP (n=86 [34%]) compared with the control group (n=58 [47%]) (OR=0.60; 95% CI=0.39, 0.91; P=.02). The odds of an episode of LBP were greater in participants with a history of LBP (OR=4.21; 95% CI=3.07, 5.78; P<.001). Low back pain episodes decreased across the trial period for both groups (OR=0.89; 95% CI=0.84, 0.95; P<.001). Adherence to exercise was poor.
LIMITATIONS: Replication in other settings is needed.
CONCLUSIONS: Regular exercise and education appear to reduce LBP episodes in children aged 8 to 11 years compared with education alone.
PMID: 25504487 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
]]>Reduction of spinal loads through adjustable interventions at the origin and destination of palletizing tasks.
Hum Factors. 2014 Nov;56(7):1222-34
Authors: Ramsey T, Davis KG, Kotowski SE, Anderson VP, Waters T
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This article evaluates the effectiveness of two interventions: a self-leveling pallet carousel designed to position the loads vertically and horizontally at origin, and an adjustable cart designed to raise loads vertically at destination to reduce spine loads.
BACKGROUND: Low back disorders among workers in manual material handling industries are very prevalent and have been linked to manual palletizing operations. Evidence into the effectiveness of ergonomic interventions is limited, with no research that investigates interventions with adjustable load location.
METHOD: Thirteen males experienced in manual material handling participated in simulated order selecting tasks where spine loads were quantified for each intervention condition: carousel to traditional cart, pallet to traditional cart, pallet to adjustable cart, and carousel to adjustable cart.
RESULTS: The results showed that combining both devices results in reduction in spine compression (61%), anterior-posterior shear (72%), and lateral shear (63%) compared to traditional palletizing conditions. Individually, the carousel was responsible for the greatest reductions, but the lowest values were typically achieved by combining the adjustable cart and carousel.
CONCLUSION: The combination of the interventions (self-leveling carousel and adjustable cart) was most effective in reducing the spine loads when compared to the traditional pallet-cart condition. The individual interventions also reduced the loads compared to the traditional condition.
APPLICATION: With de-palletizing/palletizing tasks being a major source of low back injuries, the combination of self-leveling carousel and adjustable cart has been found to be effective in reducing the peak spine loading as compared to traditional pallet on floor and nonadjustable flat cart conditions.
PMID: 25490803 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
]]> A standardised individual unsupervised water exercise intervention for healthy pregnant women. A qualitative feasibility study.
Sex Reprod Healthc. 2014 Dec;5(4):176-81
Authors: Backhausen MG, Katballe M, Hansson H, Tabor A, Damm P, Hegaard HK
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Low back pain during pregnancy is common and associated with sick leave. Studies suggest that exercise may reduce low back pain during pregnancy. Before carrying out a randomised controlled trail with individual water exercise as intervention a qualitative feasibility study was done.
OBJECTIVE: To explore women's views and experiences of the acceptability and benefits of and possible barriers to the standardised individual unsupervised water exercise intervention.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eleven women were interviewed after participating in a water exercise intervention. Content analysis was used.
RESULTS: Four main categories emerged: motivation to participate, attitudes towards the exercise programme, perception of benefits, and acceptability of supportive components. The women had a desire to stay physically active during pregnancy and found water exercise a suitable, type of exercise to perform during pregnancy. The intervention was experienced to have benefits on both their physical health and their mental well-being. Crowded swimming pools were perceived as the greatest barrier.
CONCLUSION: It is feasible to perform a RCT using the described intervention. The intervention was accepted by the participants because it supported their desire to be physically active during pregnancy. The main barrier was crowded swimming pools and this issue must be addressed in a future RCT.
PMID: 25433827 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
]]>sábado, 24 de octubre de 2015
jueves, 15 de octubre de 2015
Utilidad de OneNote
UTILIDAD DE ONENOTE
De gran ayuda para
toda persona organizando su información, a manera de blocks de notas, así como
total libertad en desarrollar la estructura de información; además de tener la
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nube, así que se puede
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martes, 6 de octubre de 2015
RSS
Los hipervínculos hacen referencia a los RSS, en el primer
video, doblaje del video en inglés sobre los ‘’RSS in plain english’’, nos
comenta sobre las nuevas formas de mantenerse informado en la red, llamándola
sindicación de contenidos o RSS. Para su uso es necesario un servicio web que
permita gestionar las suscripciones. Explicando paso a paso cómo mantenerte
informado en la web. El segundo, nos define de manera sencilla el concepto de
RSS, cómo usarlo y las formas de obtenerlo. Finalmente el tercer hipervínculo
explica detalladamente a los RSS, su forma de suscripción, para qué sirve, ventajas
y desventajas.
El primer post (Que hacer para mantenernos actualizados), hace
referencia sobre la necesidad de mantenernos informados. La web 2.0 ofrece herramientas
para los médicos; enfatizándose en los RSS los cuales son gratuitos y su uso es
primordial para el manejo del tiempo. Bertalan Meskó proporciona información
médica (Medicina 2.0). El siguiente post (Como mantenernos actualizados en
Medicina con los RSS), hace referencia al desconocimiento médico sobre los RSS,
definiéndola y describiendo sus ventajas. Finalmente el post (Actualizaciones
inmediatas y gratuitas de cuatro grandes revistas médicas) cita importantes
revistas que con la ayuda de los RSS nos mantendremos informados de ellas.
sábado, 3 de octubre de 2015
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